NOUN is a word, used to refer people, animals, objects, substances, states, events and feelings. Eg: Priyanka, Lion, Pen, Honesty etc.
Primarily Nouns are of 5 types, they are:-
Proper Noun:- It is those Nouns which indicate a place, living being or thing.
Eg:- Krishna, Bible, Delhi, Jharkhand, Patna etc.
Common Noun:- Common Noun is a noun that refers to a common name of a person, thing or place.
Eg:- Girl, King, Boy, City etc.
Proper Noun tell us about a unique person, place, or thing while Common Noun club together a category of things or places.
Collective Noun:- Collective Noun are nouns that refers to things or people as a unit.
Eg:- Team, jury, committee, Army, Police, flocks, nation, family etc.
Material Noun:- Nouns that refers to the names of a liquid or matter are classified under this category.
Eg:- Gold, iron, water etc.
Abstract Noun:- Abstract Noun is something that can’t be sensed by our five senses (smell, touch, hear, see or taste). They usually represent feeling, idea and qualities. They can be countable or uncountable.
Eg:- Honesty, Quality, hatred, laughter, youth etc.
Abstract nouns are often used in singular form.
Noun can also be categorized as Singular and Plural. When only one person/thing/place is referred, the Noun is Singular and When more than one person/thing/place etc. is referred, the Noun is Plural.
eg:- Cow, City, Box, Calf are Singular Noun, Cows while Cows, Cities, Boxes, Calves are plural noun.
Knowledge of Singular and Plural Noun helps in finding errors in sentence. (Errors are usually due to subject-verb agreement which is discussed later in the course), it also helps in spelling check section.
Now let's discuss, some basic rules for forming plural form of Noun: -
Rule:-1 Several Nouns form their Plural by adding 's' to the Singular. like Cow(s), Book(s), Table(s) etc.
Rule:-2 Nouns which ends in 's', 'x', 'z', 'sh' and 'ch' takes 'es' in their plural form like Box(es), Bench(es), Bush(es) etc
Rule:-3 Nouns which ends in 'y' preceded by a consonant or 'qu' changes 'y' into 'i' and add 'es' in plural form like City (Cities), Family (Families) etc.
Rule:-4 Nouns ending in 'f' or 'fe' changes 'f' or 'fe' into 'v' before adding 'es' like Knife (Knives), Life (Lives), Thief (Thieves) etc.
Rule:-5 Some Nouns form their plural form by changing their vowels like Man (Men), Tooth (Teeth), Mouse (Mice) etc.
Rule:-6 Plural form is also formed by adding 'en' in Some Nouns like Child (Children), Sister (Sistren) etc
Note: Most of the Nouns follow above rules but there are many exceptions to these Rules, therefore it is strongly recommended to keep reading English on regular basis.
The above mentioned types of the Nouns can be further categorized into Countable and Uncountable Nouns:-
Countable Nouns:- The Nouns that can be counted with numbers. They can be singular or plural
eg:- dog/dogs, animal/animals, man/men, table/tables, pen/pens etc.
Uncountable Nouns:- The Nouns that cannot be counted with numbers. They are singular and their plural cannot be formed.
eg:- scenery, poetry, furniture, advice, information, hair, business, mischief, bread, stationery, crockery, luggage, baggage, knowledge, equipment, evidence, jewelry, paper, fish, news, work etc.
Now Let’s Discuss the Rules which are Important for Exams